Grey routes remain a significant and often underestimated A2P SMS revenue risk for MNOs worldwide. As fraudsters become more sophisticated, grey route traffic can increasingly bypass weak or outdated firewall controls, diverting legitimate A2P SMS traffic away from operator networks and the revenues it should generate.

But understanding the risk is only the first step. Where grey routes are most prevalent, how effectively your firewall detects them, and how you respond can all have a direct impact on your A2P SMS monetization strategy.

This white paper from Juniper Research and Enea explores the evolving grey route landscape and provides practical insights to help MNOs understand their exposure, strengthen their defenses, and capitalize on an opportunity to recover lost revenue.

• How grey routes have evolved: An overview of grey routes in today’s fraud landscape, and how increasingly sophisticated techniques have moved beyond simple firewall controls.

• Why some markets are more exposed: What makes certain markets more prone to grey route fraud, and how MNOs across different regions can address the grey-route risk and protect their A2P revenues.

• Survival of the fittest firewall: How differences in grey route protection is impacting some operators negatively, while others with strong firewalls have the potential to monetize up to 24% more A2P SMS revenues.

• Breaking the fraud cycle: How a perpetual “fraud cycle” has established around grey routes, and how MNOs can stop fueling it to regain control of their A2P SMS traffic.

• A practical framework for assessing risk: Guidance for operators to evaluate their grey route exposure and identify monetization strategies based on their level of risk.